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Fra' Philippe de Villiers de L'Isle-Adam (1464–1534) was a prominent member of the Knights Hospitaller at Rhodes and later Malta. Having risen to the position of Prior of the ''Langue of Auvergne'', he was elected 44th Grand Master of the Order in 1521. He commanded the Order during Sultan Suleiman's long and bloody Siege of Rhodes in 1522, when 600 knights and 4500 soldiers resisted an invading force of about 100,000 men for six months,〔L. Kinross, ''The Ottoman Centuries: The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire'', 176〕 but eventually negotiated the capitulation and the departure of the knights on New Year's Day 1523 to Crete. He then led the Order during several years without a permanent domicile—first Kandi on Crete, then successively Messina, Viterbo and finally Nice (1527-1529). In 1530 de L'Isle-Adam obtained the islands of Malta and Gozo and the North African port city of Tripoli as fief for the Order from Emperor Charles V and established the Order, henceforth known as the ''Maltese Knights'', in their new base. The Order arrived on the island on 26 October 1530 on their flagship, the ''Santa Anna''. L'Isle-Adam took formal possession of the islands on 13 November, when the silver key of the capital Mdina was given to the Grand Master. Despite this, the Order settled in the coastal town of Birgu and made it their capital city. They settled in Fort Saint Angelo, which served as both a fortification and as a palace. The city was fortified and eventually Auberges for each of the Langues were built. Despite this, the Grand Master and the Order still hoped that one day they would recapture Rhodes (in fact the Order decided to make Malta their permanent home only after the Great Siege 35 years later).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://smom-za.org/grandmasters/44.htm )〕 L'Isle-Adam died in the Our Lady of Jesus convent (''ta' Giezu'') in Rabat, Malta on 21 August 1534. He was buried in the Chapel of Saint Anne within Fort Saint Angelo, but was reburied in the crypt of St. John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta in the late 16th century. Culverine of Philippe Villiers de l Isle Adam 1525 1530 Rhodes 140mm 339cm 2533kg iron ball 10kg Abdul Aziz to NIII 1862.jpg|Culverin with the arms of L'Isle-Adam, Rhodes. Caliber: 140mm, length: 339 cm, weight: 2533 kg, ammunition: 10 kg iron ball. Remitted by Abdul-Aziz to Napoleon III in 1862. Stemma di villier de l'isle adam 02.JPG|Coat of arms of L'Isle Adam in Odos Ippoton, Rhodes Prise de Malte en 1530.jpg|''Philippe de Villiers de l'Isle Adam takes possession of the island of Malta, 26 October 1530'' by René Théodore Berthon. Malta - Valletta - Triq il-Merkanti 10 ies.jpg|Mural in Valletta showing L'Isle-Adam's arrival in Malta Malta-Valletta-GrandMastersPalace1.jpg|Coat of arms of L'Isle Adam at the Grandmaster's Palace in Valletta. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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